Is your water heater pilot light refusing to stay lit? A faulty pilot light can leave you without hot water when you need it most. Don’t worry – in most cases, relighting the pilot is an easy DIY fix that doesn’t require calling out a plumber.
If you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer to your question: The most common reasons a water heater pilot light goes out are a weak flame, dirt buildup, a faulty thermocouple or a gas issue. Cleaning the parts, adjusting the flame and checking gas connections can often solve the problem.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk through the key reasons your water heater pilot light keeps going out, along with step-by-step instructions for getting it working properly again.
How Does a Water Heater Pilot Light Work?
The water heater pilot light is a crucial component of the heating system. It is responsible for igniting the gas burner, which then heats up the water in the tank. Understanding how the pilot light works can help you troubleshoot and fix any issues that may arise.
The Role of the Thermocouple
A thermocouple is a safety device that plays a vital role in the operation of the water heater pilot light. It is a small metal rod that is positioned close to the pilot flame. The thermocouple generates an electrical current when heated by the pilot flame.
This current keeps the gas valve open, allowing gas to flow and keep the pilot light lit. If the pilot light goes out or the thermocouple fails, the electrical current stops, and the gas valve automatically shuts off, preventing gas from leaking into your home.
Pro tip: If you suspect a problem with the thermocouple, you can test it using a multimeter. However, it is recommended to consult a professional plumber or technician for accurate diagnosis and repairs.
What Happens When the Pilot Light Goes Out
There are several reasons why the water heater pilot light may go out. It could be due to a draft, a faulty thermocouple, a clogged pilot tube, or a gas supply issue. When the pilot light goes out, the gas valve automatically shuts off as a safety measure.
Pro tip: If you need to relight the pilot light, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully. Typically, you will need to turn the gas control knob to the “pilot” position, press and hold it down, and then ignite the pilot light using a long lighter or match.
Once the pilot light is lit, continue to hold the gas control knob down for about 30 seconds to allow the thermocouple to heat up. After that, release the knob and the pilot light should stay lit.
If you have followed these steps and the pilot light still won’t stay lit, it may be a more complex issue that requires professional attention. A licensed plumber or technician will have the necessary expertise and tools to diagnose and fix the problem.
Remember: Safety should always be a top priority when dealing with gas appliances. If you are unsure or uncomfortable performing any repairs yourself, it is best to seek professional assistance.
6 Common Reasons a Water Heater Pilot Light Won’t Stay Lit
1. Weak Pilot Flame
One common reason why a water heater pilot light won’t stay lit is due to a weak pilot flame. The pilot flame is essential for heating the thermocouple, which is responsible for sensing the presence of the pilot light.
If the pilot flame is weak, it may not be heating the thermocouple enough to keep the gas valve open. In this case, adjusting the pilot flame can help solve the issue. For detailed instructions on how to adjust the pilot flame, visit HomeAdvisor’s guide on adjusting a water heater pilot flame.
2. Dirty Thermocouple or Burner
A dirty thermocouple or burner can also cause the pilot light to go out. Over time, dust, dirt, and debris can accumulate on the thermocouple or burner, interfering with their proper functioning. Cleaning these components can often resolve the issue.
Check out Family Handyman’s step-by-step guide on cleaning a gas water heater burner for detailed instructions on how to clean the thermocouple and burner.
3. Faulty Thermocouple
If the pilot light goes out immediately after releasing the pilot control knob, it may indicate a faulty thermocouple. The thermocouple is responsible for sensing the heat from the pilot flame and sending a signal to the gas valve to keep it open.
If the thermocouple is faulty, it may not be generating enough voltage to keep the gas valve open. In this case, replacing the thermocouple is necessary. The Spruce’s guide on replacing a water heater thermocouple provides detailed instructions on how to do this.
4. Gas Flow or Pressure Issues
In some cases, the pilot light may go out due to gas flow or pressure issues. Insufficient gas flow or low gas pressure can prevent the pilot flame from staying lit. This can be caused by a variety of factors, such as a closed gas valve, a blocked gas line, or a problem with the gas supply.
It’s important to check these potential issues and ensure proper gas flow and pressure to the water heater. If you suspect a gas flow or pressure issue, it’s best to contact a professional plumber to diagnose and resolve the problem.
5. Faulty Gas Control Valve
A faulty gas control valve can also contribute to a water heater pilot light not staying lit. The gas control valve is responsible for regulating the flow of gas to the burner and pilot light. If the valve is malfunctioning, it may not be supplying enough gas to keep the pilot light lit.
In this case, replacing the gas control valve is necessary. Consult a professional plumber or refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for guidance on replacing a faulty gas control valve.
6. Improper Venting
Improper venting can cause the pilot light to go out as well. If the venting system is blocked or improperly installed, it can interfere with the proper combustion of gas and the ventilation of exhaust gases. This can lead to the pilot light extinguishing.
Ensuring proper venting and addressing any blockages or installation issues can help resolve the problem. For more information on proper water heater venting, visit the U.S. Department of Energy’s guide on water heater venting.
How to Relight a Water Heater Pilot Light
If your water heater pilot light won’t stay lit, there are several steps you can take to fix the issue. Follow these instructions to relight your water heater pilot light and get your hot water flowing again.
Step 1: Locate the Pilot Light Assembly
The first step in relighting a water heater pilot light is to locate the pilot light assembly. This is typically found near the bottom of the water heater. Refer to your water heater’s manual for specific instructions on where to find it.
Step 2: Turn Off the Gas Valve
Before attempting to relight the pilot light, it’s important to turn off the gas valve. This will ensure your safety as you work on the water heater. The gas valve is usually located on the side of the water heater. Turn the valve to the “off” position.
Step 3: Clean the Thermocouple and Burner
The next step is to clean the thermocouple and burner. Use a soft brush or cloth to remove any dirt or debris that may be blocking the pilot light. This will help ensure a clean and efficient flame.
Step 4: Relight the Pilot
Once the pilot light assembly is clean, you can now attempt to relight the pilot. Follow the instructions in your water heater’s manual for specific lighting instructions. In most cases, you will need to hold down the pilot button while lighting the pilot with a match or lighter.
Step 5: Replace Thermocouple if Needed
If the pilot light still won’t stay lit after following the previous steps, the thermocouple may need to be replaced. The thermocouple is a safety device that shuts off the gas supply if it detects a malfunction.
Contact a professional plumber or refer to your water heater’s manual for guidance on replacing the thermocouple.
Step 6: Have a Professional Inspect if Issues Persist
If you’ve followed all the steps above and the pilot light still won’t stay lit, it’s time to call in a professional. A licensed plumber will be able to thoroughly inspect your water heater and diagnose any underlying issues.
They will have the expertise to fix the problem and ensure your water heater is working safely and efficiently.
Remember, if you’re unsure about any of the steps involved in relighting your water heater pilot light, it’s always best to consult a professional. They will be able to provide you with the necessary guidance to get your water heater back up and running.
Preventing Water Heater Pilot Light Problems
Keep the Pilot Assembly Clean
One common reason for a water heater pilot light to go out is a dirty pilot assembly. Over time, dust, dirt, and debris can accumulate around the pilot assembly, causing it to malfunction. To prevent this issue, it is important to keep the pilot assembly clean.
Regularly inspect the area around the pilot light and use a soft brush or cloth to gently clean any buildup. This simple maintenance task can help ensure that the pilot light stays lit and the water heater functions properly.
Check Burner Flame Strength
If your water heater pilot light keeps going out, the burner flame strength may be the culprit. A weak or flickering flame can cause the pilot light to extinguish, leading to heating problems. To check the burner flame strength, carefully observe the flame when the water heater is running.
It should be a steady, blue flame with a well-defined shape. If you notice any abnormalities, such as a yellow or orange flame, it may indicate a problem with the gas mixture. In such cases, it is best to consult a professional plumber to address the issue.
Inspect Gas Lines and Valves
Another potential cause of pilot light problems is a faulty gas line or valve. Gas leaks or blockages can prevent the pilot light from staying lit. To ensure the safety of your water heater, it is important to inspect the gas lines and valves regularly.
Look for any signs of damage, corrosion, or leaks. If you detect any issues, it is crucial to contact a licensed plumber to fix the problem immediately. Remember, gas-related repairs should always be handled by a professional due to the potential hazards involved.
Clear Vent Obstructions
A blocked vent can also lead to pilot light issues. If the vent becomes obstructed, it can interfere with the proper airflow necessary for the pilot light to stay lit. Common obstructions include debris, bird nests, or other foreign objects.
Regularly inspect the vent and clear any obstructions to ensure proper ventilation. If you are unsure how to safely remove the blockage, it is best to seek the assistance of a professional plumber.
Hire a Plumber for Annual Maintenance
To prevent future pilot light problems and ensure the longevity of your water heater, it is highly recommended to hire a professional plumber for annual maintenance. During this maintenance visit, the plumber will thoroughly inspect all components, clean the pilot assembly, check for gas leaks, and perform any necessary repairs.
Regular maintenance can help identify and address potential issues before they become major problems, saving you time, money, and frustration in the long run.
When to Call a Professional for Water Heater Repairs
Dealing with a water heater that won’t stay lit can be frustrating. You may have tried troubleshooting the issue on your own, but sometimes it’s best to leave the repairs to the professionals. Here are a few instances where calling a professional for water heater repairs is necessary:
Pilot Won’t Stay Lit After Troubleshooting
If you’ve followed all the troubleshooting steps provided by the manufacturer and the pilot light still won’t stay lit, it’s time to call a professional. They have the knowledge and expertise to diagnose the problem accurately and offer a solution.
Trying to fix it yourself may result in further damage or even injury.
Signs of a Gas Leak
If you suspect a gas leak, it’s crucial to act immediately. Gas leaks are hazardous and can lead to serious health risks and even explosions. Signs of a gas leak include a strong odor, hissing sounds, or sudden increase in gas bills.
In such cases, it’s important to evacuate the area and call a professional plumber or gas technician right away. They will be able to safely identify and repair the issue.
Faulty Gas Valve or Thermocouple
If you’ve ruled out a gas leak and the pilot light still won’t stay lit, the problem may lie with the gas valve or thermocouple. These components are responsible for controlling the flow of gas to the pilot light. If they are faulty or worn out, they will need to be replaced.
This is a task best left to a professional as it requires specialized knowledge and tools.
Remember, water heater repairs can be complex and potentially dangerous. It’s always better to err on the side of caution and call a professional if you’re unsure about how to proceed. They will ensure that your water heater is repaired safely and efficiently, giving you peace of mind.
Conclusion
A water heater pilot that keeps going out can be frustrating, but in most cases it’s an easy fix. With some simple cleaning and maintenance, you can get your hot water working again. Just follow the troubleshooting steps to relight the pilot.
If you’ve tried everything and it still won’t stay lit, call in a professional plumber to inspect the gas line, valve and venting system. With the right repairs, your pilot light will keep your water nice and hot for many years to come.
