Hot water is an essential utility in every home. If you’re looking to buy a new hot water heater, plastic models are an attractive option because of their lower upfront cost and easier maintenance compared to traditional water heaters.
But how do plastic hot water heaters work, and are they the right choice for your home? This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know.
If you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer: Plastic hot water heaters use electric heating elements or gas burners to heat water stored in a plastic tank. They are cheaper upfront than traditional water heaters but may have a shorter lifespan.
Plastic tanks don’t corrode, but sediment buildup can be an issue. Plastic heaters work well for households with 2-4 people and low to moderate hot water usage.
How Plastic Water Heaters Work
Plastic water heaters are an innovative and efficient alternative to traditional metal water heaters. They are becoming increasingly popular due to their durability, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.
Understanding how plastic water heaters work can help homeowners make informed decisions about their hot water needs.
Basic Components and Operation
A plastic water heater consists of several key components that work together to provide hot water. These components include a plastic tank, heating elements, a thermostat, and a pressure relief valve. The plastic tank is designed to withstand high temperatures and is highly resistant to corrosion, making it a durable and long-lasting option.
The heating elements, usually electric coils or gas burners, are responsible for heating the water. The thermostat controls the temperature of the water, ensuring it remains at the desired level. The pressure relief valve is a safety feature that releases excess pressure to prevent damage to the tank.
When the hot water faucet is turned on, cold water enters the tank through an inlet pipe. The heating elements then heat the water to the desired temperature. Once the water reaches the set temperature, it is ready to be used.
As hot water is drawn from the tank, new cold water enters to replace it, ensuring a continuous supply of hot water.
Electric vs. Gas Models
Plastic water heaters are available in both electric and gas models. Electric models use heating elements to heat the water, while gas models utilize burners to generate heat. The choice between electric and gas models depends on various factors, including energy efficiency, cost, and availability of fuel sources.
Electric plastic water heaters are known for their energy efficiency and low operating costs. They are easy to install and maintain, making them a popular choice for homeowners. Gas models, on the other hand, may have higher upfront costs but can be more cost-effective in the long run, depending on the cost of natural gas in the area.
It is important to note that gas models require proper ventilation to ensure the safe release of combustion byproducts. Homeowners should consult with a professional plumber or contractor to determine the best option for their specific needs.
Heat Pump Water Heaters
Heat pump water heaters are another type of plastic water heater that utilizes advanced technology to provide hot water. These innovative heaters extract heat from the surrounding air and transfer it to the water, making them highly energy-efficient.
Heat pump water heaters work similarly to a refrigerator, but in reverse. Instead of removing heat from the inside, they extract heat from the surrounding environment. This process requires less energy compared to traditional heating methods, resulting in significant energy savings for homeowners.
These water heaters are particularly effective in moderate climates where the temperature remains relatively stable throughout the year. They may not be as efficient in colder climates where the air temperature drops significantly.
However, advancements in technology are continually improving the performance of heat pump water heaters, making them a viable option for a wider range of climates.
It is worth mentioning that plastic water heaters, including heat pump models, require regular maintenance and inspections to ensure optimal performance and longevity. Homeowners should follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and consult with professionals to ensure proper care and maintenance.
Benefits of Plastic Water Heaters
Lower Upfront Cost
One of the significant benefits of plastic water heaters is their lower upfront cost compared to traditional metal water heaters. The cost of plastic materials is generally lower than metal, making plastic water heaters a more budget-friendly option for homeowners.
This is particularly advantageous for those who are looking for a cost-effective solution without compromising on performance.
Resists Corrosion and Rust
Plastic water heaters offer excellent resistance to corrosion and rust, which is a common issue with metal water heaters. This is because plastic is not susceptible to the same oxidation process that affects metal over time.
By choosing a plastic water heater, homeowners can avoid the hassle and expense of dealing with corrosion-related problems, extending the lifespan of their water heating system.
Compact Size
Another advantage of plastic water heaters is their compact size. Plastic materials allow for more flexibility in design and construction, resulting in smaller and more space-efficient water heaters. This is particularly beneficial for homeowners with limited space or those who prefer a less obtrusive water heater installation.
The compact size of plastic water heaters also allows for easier installation in tight spaces, making them a popular choice for apartments and small homes.
Easy Maintenance
Plastic water heaters are known for their ease of maintenance. Unlike metal water heaters, which may require regular flushing and descaling to prevent mineral buildup, plastic water heaters are less prone to these issues.
Cleaning and maintaining plastic water heaters is relatively straightforward, usually involving simple tasks such as wiping down the exterior and checking for any leaks. This ease of maintenance not only saves homeowners time and effort but also contributes to the longevity and efficiency of the water heating system.
Drawbacks of Plastic Water Heaters
Shorter Lifespan Than Traditional Models
One of the major drawbacks of plastic water heaters is their shorter lifespan compared to traditional models. While traditional water heaters made of metal can last anywhere from 10 to 15 years, plastic water heaters tend to have a shorter lifespan of around 6 to 8 years.
This is mainly due to the fact that plastic is not as durable and can be more prone to cracking or leaking over time. Therefore, if you choose a plastic water heater, you may need to replace it more frequently, which can be both inconvenient and costly.
Sediment Buildup Issues
Another drawback of plastic water heaters is the issue of sediment buildup. Over time, minerals and sediments can accumulate at the bottom of the tank, affecting the efficiency and performance of the heater.
While this is a common issue in all types of water heaters, it can be more problematic in plastic models. Plastic tanks are more prone to sediment buildup as the rough surface of the plastic can trap particles more easily.
This can lead to decreased water flow, reduced heating efficiency, and even potential damage to the heating elements.
Lower Heat Retention
Compared to traditional metal water heaters, plastic models generally have lower heat retention capabilities. This means that they may require more energy to maintain the desired water temperature. Plastic tanks are not as effective at insulating the heat, resulting in more heat loss over time.
As a result, the water heater may need to work harder and consume more energy to keep the water hot, which can lead to higher energy bills and increased environmental impact.
Not Ideal for Large Households
While plastic water heaters can be suitable for small to medium-sized households, they may not be the best choice for larger households. Plastic tanks typically have smaller storage capacities compared to their metal counterparts.
This means that they may run out of hot water faster, especially during peak usage times. If you have a large family or frequently require a high volume of hot water, a plastic water heater may not be able to meet your needs effectively.
In such cases, it may be more practical to opt for a traditional metal water heater with a larger storage capacity.
Despite these drawbacks, it’s important to note that plastic water heaters can still be a viable option for certain situations. They are often more affordable and lightweight, making them easier to install and maneuver.
Additionally, modern advancements in plastic technology have improved the durability of plastic water heaters to some extent. However, it’s essential to carefully consider your specific requirements and weigh the pros and cons before making a decision.
Installation Considerations
When it comes to installing a plastic hot water heater, there are several important considerations that need to be taken into account. These considerations will ensure that your hot water heater functions properly and safely. Here are some key factors to keep in mind:
Location Requirements
The first consideration when installing a plastic hot water heater is the location. It is important to choose a suitable location that meets the necessary requirements. The hot water heater should be installed in a well-ventilated area that is easily accessible for maintenance and repairs.
It should also be installed on a stable surface that can support the weight of the heater when filled with water. Additionally, it is crucial to keep the heater away from flammable materials and ensure that there is enough clearance around it for proper airflow.
Venting Requirements
Proper venting is crucial for the safe operation of a plastic hot water heater. The venting system should be designed in accordance with local building codes and regulations. It is important to ensure that the vent pipe is properly sized and installed to effectively remove combustion gases from the heater.
The vent pipe should be directed outside the building and should not be obstructed by any objects or debris. Regular inspections of the venting system should be conducted to ensure that it is functioning optimally.
Electrical/Gas Hookups
Depending on the type of plastic hot water heater you have, you will need to consider the electrical or gas hookups required for its operation. Electric hot water heaters will require a dedicated electrical circuit with the appropriate voltage and amperage.
Gas hot water heaters will require a gas supply line and connection to the main gas line. It is important to hire a qualified professional to handle these connections to ensure they are done correctly and safely.
Permits
Before installing a plastic hot water heater, it is important to check with your local building department to determine if any permits are required. Some jurisdictions may require permits for the installation of hot water heaters to ensure compliance with safety and building codes.
Obtaining the necessary permits will help ensure that the installation is done properly and in accordance with local regulations.
For more detailed information on the installation considerations for plastic hot water heaters, you can visit the Department of Energy website. They provide comprehensive guidelines and resources to help you with your installation process.
Maintenance Tips
Draining and Flushing
Regularly draining and flushing your plastic hot water heater is essential for maintaining its performance and extending its lifespan. Over time, sediment and mineral deposits can build up in the tank, affecting its efficiency. To drain and flush the heater, follow these steps:
- Turn off the power supply to the heater.
- Attach a hose to the drain valve at the bottom of the tank.
- Place the other end of the hose in a suitable drainage area, like a floor drain or a bucket.
- Open the drain valve and let the water flow out until it runs clear.
- Once the water is clear, close the drain valve and remove the hose.
Draining and flushing your plastic hot water heater every six months can help prevent sediment buildup and maintain optimal performance.
Anode Rod Replacement
The anode rod is a crucial component of a plastic hot water heater. It helps prevent corrosion by attracting minerals and other contaminants that would otherwise attack the tank. Over time, the anode rod can become depleted and need replacement. To replace the anode rod:
- Turn off the power supply to the heater.
- Locate the anode rod on top of the tank.
- Use a wrench to unscrew the anode rod from the tank.
- Replace the old anode rod with a new one of the same size and material.
- Tighten the new anode rod securely into place.
Regularly replacing the anode rod, typically every 3-5 years, can help prevent corrosion and extend the life of your plastic hot water heater.
Cleaning Heating Elements
Over time, mineral deposits can accumulate on the heating elements of your plastic hot water heater, reducing their efficiency and potentially causing damage. Cleaning the heating elements is important to maintain optimal performance. Follow these steps to clean the heating elements:
- Turn off the power supply to the heater.
- Remove the access panel covering the heating elements.
- Use a soft brush or cloth to gently clean the elements, removing any buildup.
- Ensure the elements are completely dry before replacing the access panel.
Regularly cleaning the heating elements can help keep your plastic hot water heater running efficiently and prevent any potential issues caused by mineral deposits.
Checking for Leaks
Regularly checking for leaks in your plastic hot water heater is crucial to catch any potential issues early on. Here’s how you can check for leaks:
- Inspect the area around the heater for any signs of water accumulation or moisture.
- Check the pressure relief valve for any leaks or dripping.
- Inspect the connections and fittings for any signs of water leakage.
- If you notice any leaks, contact a professional plumber to assess and repair the issue.
Regularly checking for leaks can help prevent water damage and ensure the proper functioning of your plastic hot water heater.
Remember, proper maintenance is key to maintaining the efficiency and longevity of your plastic hot water heater. Following these maintenance tips can help you get the most out of your appliance and ensure a reliable supply of hot water for years to come.
Cost Comparisons
Plastic vs Traditional Water Heaters
When it comes to cost, plastic hot water heaters can offer significant advantages over traditional models. Plastic water heaters are generally more affordable to purchase and install compared to their traditional counterparts.
The cost of materials used in plastic water heaters is usually lower, resulting in a lower price tag for consumers. Additionally, plastic water heaters are lighter in weight, making them easier to transport and install. This can save homeowners on labor costs as well.
Furthermore, plastic water heaters are known for their energy efficiency. They have excellent insulation properties, which helps to minimize heat loss and reduce energy consumption. By using less energy, homeowners can save on their utility bills in the long run.
This can make plastic water heaters a cost-effective choice for those looking to reduce their energy expenses.
Electric vs Gas Plastic Models
When comparing the cost of electric and gas plastic hot water heaters, there are a few factors to consider. Electric plastic models tend to have a lower upfront cost compared to gas models. This is because electric heaters are generally less complex and require fewer components.
However, it’s important to note that electric water heaters typically have higher operating costs due to the higher cost of electricity compared to gas.
On the other hand, gas plastic water heaters may have a higher initial cost, but they can be more cost-effective in the long run. Gas is often cheaper than electricity, so homeowners using gas water heaters may experience lower monthly utility bills.
Additionally, gas water heaters tend to heat water faster than electric models, which can result in lower energy consumption overall.
It’s important to consider your specific needs and budget when choosing between electric and gas plastic water heaters. If you prioritize lower upfront costs, an electric model may be the right choice for you.
However, if you’re looking for long-term cost savings and faster heating times, a gas model might be a better fit.
Top Brands and Models
Rheem
Rheem is a well-known and trusted brand in the hot water heater industry. They offer a wide range of models to suit different needs and budgets. One popular option is the Rheem Performance Platinum series, which is known for its energy efficiency and durability.
These models come with a high Energy Factor (EF) rating, which means they are designed to save you money on your energy bills. The Rheem Performance Platinum series also features advanced features like Wi-Fi connectivity, allowing you to control your hot water heater from your smartphone.
A O Smith
A O Smith is another reputable brand that offers a variety of hot water heaters. Their models are known for their reliability and performance. One popular option is the A O Smith Signature Premier series, which combines high efficiency with advanced technology.
These models have a self-cleaning feature that helps to prevent sediment buildup and extend the lifespan of your hot water heater. A O Smith also offers a range of tankless water heaters, which are compact and energy-efficient.
Bradford White
Bradford White is a trusted brand that has been in the industry for over 135 years. They are known for their quality craftsmanship and innovative technology. One popular option is the Bradford White Defender series, which is designed to provide reliable and efficient hot water heating.
These models feature a Defender Safety System, which includes a flame arrestor and a resettable thermal switch for added safety. Bradford White also offers a wide range of tankless water heaters that are known for their energy efficiency.
Rinnai
Rinnai is a leading brand in the tankless water heater market. They are known for their high-quality and energy-efficient models. One popular option is the Rinnai RUCS series, which is designed to provide endless hot water on demand.
These models have a compact design and can be installed in small spaces. Rinnai tankless water heaters also come with a Wi-Fi module, allowing you to control your hot water heater remotely. They are also known for their durability and long lifespan.
EcoSmart
EcoSmart is a brand that focuses on energy-efficient and eco-friendly hot water heaters. They specialize in tankless water heaters that are designed to save energy and reduce carbon emissions. One popular option is the EcoSmart ECO series, which has a high Energy Factor (EF) rating and a compact design.
These models are known for their quick and easy installation process. EcoSmart also offers a lifetime warranty on their tankless water heaters, giving you peace of mind.
When choosing a hot water heater, it’s important to consider your specific needs and budget. These top brands and models mentioned above are just a starting point, and it’s recommended to do further research and read customer reviews to find the best hot water heater for your home.
Conclusion
Plastic hot water heaters can be a great option for some households due to their affordability and low maintenance requirements. Key factors to consider are your hot water usage, household size, and installation requirements.
Conducting research on the top brands and models for your needs will ensure you select a reliable and efficient plastic hot water heater. With proper installation and occasional maintenance, a plastic water heater can provide hot water for your home for years to come.
